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- <text id=93TT0177>
- <title>
- Aug. 09, 1993: Where Have All the Nazis Gone?
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
- Aug. 09, 1993 Lost Secrets Of The Maya
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WAR CRIMES, Page 38
- Where Have All the Nazis Gone?
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>Despite the acquittal of John Demjanjuk, the hunt for Hitler's
- fugitives continues
- </p>
- <p>By JORDAN BONFANTE/LOS ANGELES--With reporting by Lisa Beyer/Jerusalem, James L. Graff/Vienna, Julie
- Johnson/Washington and Jeanne McDowell/Los Angeles
- </p>
- <p> How long can the Nazi manhunt and the promise of retribution
- go on? How many more war criminals, their faces surgically disguised
- and their identities long since falsified, can be brought to
- justice? Those questions reverberated around the world last
- week after the Israeli Supreme Court unanimously overturned
- the 1988 conviction of John Demjanjuk. The 73-year-old retired
- Cleveland autoworker had been sentenced to death for being "Ivan
- the Terrible," the notorious guard at the Treblinka death camp
- who operated the gas chambers.
- </p>
- <p> Nazi hunters acknowledged that the decision was a severe setback
- for their cause. The fact that five Treblinka survivors had
- possibly misidentified Demjanjuk was bound to devalue the future
- testimony of aging concentration-camp survivors. The fact that
- a court in Israel, which has such an emotional stake in the
- Holocaust, had ruled in a suspected Nazi collaborator's favor
- was bound to discourage already reluctant countries such as
- Australia and Canada from continuing to pursue suspected war
- criminals.
- </p>
- <p> Nevertheless, the Simon Wiesenthal Center, a human-rights and
- research organization with headquarters in Los Angeles, vowed
- to carry on with even more zeal. The center pointed to valuable
- new investigative avenues afforded them by the collapse of the
- Soviet regime, which has opened up what one U.S. Justice Department
- official called "an embarrassment of investigative riches,"
- and by the unification of Germany, where prosecutors can now
- avail themselves of literally miles of formerly closed East
- German secret police archives.
- </p>
- <p> Among the "most wanted"--or at least most immediately wanted--of the hundreds of war criminals still unaccounted for is
- the real "Ivan the Terrible," now thought to be a Ukrainian
- named Ivan Marchenko, who would be 82 today. He was last sighted
- leaving a brothel in Croatia in 1945. Says Efraim Zuroff, the
- Wiesenthal Center's chief sleuth in Jerusalem: "The problem
- is that Yugoslavia [today] is a hard place to look for anybody."
- </p>
- <p> Next on the Wiesenthal hit list is Alois Brunner, a lieutenant
- of Adolf Eichmann's, the executor of Hitler's "final solution."
- Brunner, now about 80, is thought responsible for the deportation
- of 128,000 Jews from Austria, France, Greece and Slovakia to
- the death camps. He has long been believed to be hiding behind
- the alias Georg Fischer in Syria. The Israeli intelligence service
- reportedly once sent him a package bomb that cost him four fingers.
- Unconfirmed reports of his death have surfaced recently.
- </p>
- <p> Prosecutors may have a better chance of convicting Paul Touvier,
- now 78, a Nazi collaborator during the German Occupation of
- France who was recently indicted for "crimes against humanity"
- in connection with the murder of seven Jewish hostages taken
- by the Gestapo in Lyons in 1944. French authorities are expected
- to decide in the next six months whether to try Touvier. "After
- 20 years of stalling in the courts," said Serge Klarsfeld, the
- re nowned Nazi hunter, "Touvier will have to answer for his
- crimes in a criminal court." Antanas Gecas, 77, a onetime Lithuanian
- auxiliary-police battalion officer now living--quite openly--in Edinburgh, Scotland, is similarly awaiting a decision
- by the British government about whether to prosecute him for
- his alleged participation in his battalion's murder of 15,000
- Jews in Lithuania and Belorussia.
- </p>
- <p> In the U.S. the Justice Department seeks to strip the citizenship
- of individuals who served in Nazi death camps. A case in point
- is Jack Reimer, an otherwise inconspicuous 74-year-old potato-chip
- deliveryman in Carmel, New York. U.S. authorities now believe
- that in 1941 and 1942 Jakob Reimer was a Nazi guard at the Trawniki
- SS training camp in Poland. Investigators claim that under interrogation
- last year he not only admitted having witnessed other Nazis
- massacre Jews but also acknowledged that he had opened fire
- into a ravine filled with the bodies of 50 Jewish men already
- gunned down by other guards. Upon seeing one move, he fired.
- </p>
- <p> "You finished him off?" an interrogator asked.
- </p>
- <p> "I'm afraid so," replied Reimer, who maintains his innocence
- of war crimes in the face of denaturalization proceedings.
- </p>
- <p> In Vienna Simon Wiesenthal, 84, the legendary pursuer who has
- helped uncover scores of Nazis, is not sanguine about chasing
- down many of the remaining fugitives. But he argues that criminal
- justice is not the entire purpose of his quest. "These crimes
- can't really be adequately punished anyway," he says. "I see
- what I'm doing as a warning to the murderers of tomorrow." A
- warning to them, he says, "that they will never rest in peace."
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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